Getting Started with Varnish Cache. Accelerate Your Web Applications - Helion

ebook

Autor: Thijs Feryn
ISBN: 978-14-919-7217-5
stron: 160, Format: ebook
Data wydania: 2017-03-13
Księgarnia: Helion

Cena książki: 109,65 zł (poprzednio: 127,50 zł)
Oszczędzasz: 14% (-17,85 zł)

Osoby, które kupiły tę książkę, wybierały także »

How long does it take for your website to load? Web performance is just as critical for small and medium-sized websites as it is for massive websites that receive tons of hits. Before you pour money and time into rewriting your code or replacing your infrastructure, first consider a reverse-caching proxy server like Varnish. With this practical book, you’ll learn how Varnish can give your website or API an immediate performance boost.

Varnish mimicks the behavior of your webserver, caches its output in memory, and serves the result directly to clients without having to access your webserver. If you’re a web developer familiar with HTTP, this book helps you master Varnish basics, so you can get up and running in no time. You’ll learn how to use the Varnish Configuration Language and HTTP best practices to achieve faster performance and a higher hit rate.

Understand how Varnish helps you gain optimum web performance
Use HTTP to improve the cache-ability of your websites, web applications, and APIs
Properly invalidate your cache when the origin data changes
Optimize access to your backend servers
Avoid common mistakes when using Varnish in the wild
Use logging and debugging tools to examine the behavior of Varnish

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Spis treści

Getting Started with Varnish Cache. Accelerate Your Web Applications eBook -- spis treści

Preface
- Conventions Used in This Book
- OReilly Safari
- How to Contact Us
- Acknowledgments
1. What Is Varnish Cache?
- Why Does Web Performance Matter?
- Where Does Varnish Fit In?
- The Varnish Cache Open Source Project
- How Does Varnish Work?
- Caching Is Not a Trick
- Conclusion
2. Go, Go, Go and Get Started!
- Installing Varnish
  - Installing Varnish Using a Package Manager
  - Installing Varnish on Ubuntu and Debian
  - Installing Varnish on Red Hat and CentOS
- Configuring Varnish
  - The Configuration File
  - Some Remarks on Systemd on Ubuntu and Debian
  - Startup Options
    - Common startup options
      - Network binding
      - CLI address binding
      - Security options
      - Storage options
      - VCL file location
    - Going more advanced
      - Shared log memory storage
      - Default time-to-live
      - Runtime parameters
- What About TLS/SSL?
- Conclusion
3. Varnish Speaks HTTP
- Idempotence
- State
- Expiration
  - The Expires Header
  - The Cache-Control Header
  - Expiration Precedence
- Conditional Requests
  - ETag
  - Last-Modified
  - How Varnish Deals with Conditional Requests
- Cache Variations
- Varnish Built-In VCL Behavior
  - When Is a Request Considered Cacheable?
  - When Does Varnish Completely Bypass the Cache?
  - How Does Varnish Identify an Object?
  - When Does Varnish Cache an Object?
  - What Happens if an Object Is Not Stored in Cache?
  - How Long Does Varnish Cache an Object?
- Conclusion
4. The Varnish Configuration Language
- Hooks and Subroutines
  - Client-Side Subroutines
  - Backend Subroutines
  - Initialization and Cleanup Subroutines
  - Custom Subroutines
- Return Statements
- The execution flow
- VCL Syntax
  - Operators
  - Conditionals
  - Comments
  - Scalar Values
    - Strings
    - Integers
    - Booleans
    - Durations
  - Regular Expressions
  - Functions
    - Regsub
    - Regsuball
    - Hash_data
    - Ban
    - Synthetic
  - Includes
  - Importing Varnish Modules
- Backends and Health Probes
- Access Control Lists
- VCL Variables
- Varnishs Built-In VCL
- A Real-World VCL File
- Conclusion
5. Invalidating the Cache
- Caching for Too Long
- Purging
- Banning
  - Lurker-Friendly Bans
  - More Flexibility
  - Viewing the Ban List
- Banning from the Command Line
- Forcing a Cache Miss
- Cache Invalidation Is Hard
- Conclusion
6. Dealing with Backends
- Backend Selection
- Backend Health
- Directors
  - The Round-Robin Director
  - The Random Director
  - The Hash Director
  - The Fallback Director
- Grace Mode
  - Enabling Grace Mode
- Conclusion
7. Improving Your Hit Rate
- Common Mistakes
  - Not Knowing What Hit-for-Pass Is
    - My advice
  - Returning Too Soon
    - My advice
  - Purging Without Purge Logic
    - My advice
  - No-Purge ACL
    - My advice
  - 404 Responses Get Cached
  - Setting an Age Header
    - My advice
  - Max-age Versus s-maxage
    - My advice
  - Adding Basic Authentication for Acceptance Environments
    - My advice
  - Session Cookies Everywhere
    - My advice
  - No Cache Variations
    - My advice
- Do You Really Want to Cache Static Assets?
- URL Blacklists and Whitelists
- Decide What Gets Cached with Cache-Control Headers
- There Will Always Be Cookies
  - Admin Panel
  - Remove Tracking Cookies
  - Remove All But Some
  - Cookie Variations
- Sanitizing
  - Removing the Port
  - Query String Sorting
  - Removing Google Analytics URL Parameters
  - Removing the URL Hash
  - Removing the Trailing Question Mark
- Hit/Miss Marker
- Caching Blocks
  - AJAX
  - Edge Side Includes
  - Making Varnish Parse ESI
  - ESI versus AJAX
  - Making Your Code Block-Cache Ready
- An All-in-One Code Example
  - The Composer file
  - The PHP code
  - The index template
  - The header template
  - The nav template
  - The footer template
- Conclusion
8. Logging, Measuring, and Debugging
- Varnishstat
  - Example Output
  - Displaying Specific Metrics
  - Output Formatting
- Varnishlog
  - Example Output
  - Filtering the Output
- Varnishtop
- Conclusion
9. What Does This Mean for Your Business?
- To CDN or Not to CDN
- VCL Is Cheaper
- Varnish as a Building Block
- The Original Customer Case
- Varnish Plus
- Companies Using Varnish Today
  - NU.nl: Investing Early Pays Off
  - SFR: Build Your Own CDN
  - Varnish at Wikipedia
  - Combell: Varnish on Shared Hosting
- Conclusion
10. Taking It to the Next Level
- What About RESTful Services?
  - Patch Support
  - Authentication
  - Invalidation
- Extending Varnishs Behavior with VMODs
  - Finding and Installing VMODs
  - Enabling VMODs
  - VMODs That Are Shipped with Varnish
- Need Help?
- The Future of the Varnish Project
Index